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Q7 – Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Guideline number: Q7
Status: Implementation (Step 5)
Adopted (Step 4): 10 November 2000

The ICH Harmonised Guideline was finalised under Step 4 in November 2000. This document is intended to provide guidance regarding Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for the manufacturing of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) under an appropriate system for managing quality. It is also intended to help ensure that APIs meet the requirements for quality and purity that they purport or are represented to possess.

This Guideline applies to the manufacture of APIs for use in human drug (medicinal) products. It applies to the manufacture of sterile APIs only up to the point immediately prior to the APIs being rendered sterile. The sterilization and aseptic processing of sterile APIs are not covered by this guidance, but should be performed in accordance with GMP guidelines for drug (medicinal) products as defined by local authorities.

The ICH Harmonised Guideline was finalised under Step 4 in July 1997. This document covers the preclinical safety testing requirements for biotechnological products. It addresses the use of animal models of disease, determination of when genotoxicity assays and carcinogenicity studies should be performed, and the impact of antibody formation on duration of toxicology studies.

An addendum was proposed to provide clarification on S6 and an update of the following topics discussed in the original ICH S6 Guideline: species selection, study design, immunogenicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity and assessment of carcinogenic potential. The Harmonised addendum provides further complementary guidance to the S6 Guideline and helps to define the current recommendations and reduce the likelihood that substantial differences will exist among regions.

The addendum reached Step 4 of the harmonisation process in June 2011 and was integrated as part II in the core Guideline that was then renamed S6(R1).

Guideline
Endorsed documents

Annexes

Annexes

Guideline implementation

ANMAT, Argentina

-

Not yet implemented;
ANVISA, Brazil

-

Implemented; Date: 1 December 2014; Reference: RDC 654/2022
COFEPRIS, Mexico

-

Implemented; Date: 1 September 2016; Reference: NOM-164-SSA1-2015
EC, Europe

-

Implemented; Date: 1 November 2000; Reference: CPMP/ICH/4106/00
EDA, Egypt

-

Implemented; Date: 1 January 2005;
FDA, United States

-

Implemented; Date: 1 September 2001; Reference: Vol. 66, No. 186, p. 49028-9
HSA, Singapore

-

Implemented; Date: 22 May 2001;
Health Canada, Canada

-

Implemented; Date: 7 December 2002; Reference: Guide GUI-0104
JFDA, Jordan

-

Implemented; Date: 1 January 2007;
MFDS, Republic of Korea

-

Implemented; Date: 16 February 2015; Reference: Regulation on Pharmaceutical Good Manufacturing Practice [MFDS, Republic of Korea Notification No.2015-35] Guidance on Good Manufacturing Practices for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients[Guideline-0042-01]
MHLW/PMDA, Japan

-

Implemented; Date: 1 November 2001; Reference: PMSB/ELD Notification No. 1200
MHRA, UK

-

Implemented; Date: 7 December 1995;
NAFDAC, Nigeria

-

Implemented; Date: 18 June 2025; Reference: DER-GDL-026-00
NMPA, China

-

Implemented; Date: 31 December 2015; Reference: Good Manufacturing Practice(2010 Revision, Order No.79 of the Ministry of Health) Notice on Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practice(2010 Revision), No. 101 of CFDA, 2011
SAHPRA, South Africa

-

Implemented; Date: 27 October 2025; Reference: SAHPGL-INSP-GMP-02
SFDA, Saudi Arabia

-

Implemented; Date: 26 July 2011;
Swissmedic, Switzerland

-

Implemented; Date: 1 May 2001; Reference: ICH Guidelines apply in Switzerland automatically upon reaching Step 4: Swissmedic Journal 05/2006, p. 504
TFDA, Chinese Taipei

-

Implemented; Date: 22 May 2013; Reference: 1.Regulation for Pharmaceutical Good Manufacturing Practice 2.Public Announcement for API of Biological Products should comply with GMP
TITCK, Türkiye

-

Implemented; Date: 1 August 2018; Reference: Part 2 of the Active Substance Basic Requirements in GMP Guideline of our Authority is compatible with PIC/S GMP Guide Part 2 and ICH Q7.

Q+A

Q+A number: Q7 Q&As
Q+A Status: Implementation (Step 5)
Q+A Adopted (Step X): 10 June 2015
Endorsed documents
WG presentations / Trainings

Q+A implementation

Questions and Answers: Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. The document was finalised under Step 4 in June 2015.

Experience gained with the implementation of the ICH Q7 Guideline since its finalisation in 2000 showed that uncertainties related to the interpretation of some sections exist.

Technical issues with regard to GMP of APIs – also in context with new ICH Guidelines – are addressed in this Questions and Answers document in order to harmonise expectations during inspections, to remove ambiguities and uncertainties, and to harmonise the inspections of both small molecules and biotech APIs.

ANMAT, Argentina

-

Not yet implemented;
ANVISA, Brazil

-

Implemented; Date: 11 March 2020; Reference: Perguntas & Respostas: RDC 69/14 - Boas Práticas de Fabricação de Insumos Farmacêuticos Ativos
COFEPRIS, Mexico

-

Implemented; Date: 30 July 2024; Reference: Questions and Answers Guide for the Official Mexican Standard NOM-164-SSA1-2015 Good Mnufacturing Practices for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
EC, Europe

-

Implemented; Date: 1 February 2016; Reference: CHMP/ICH/468930/2015
EDA, Egypt

-

Implemented; Date: 1 January 2022;
FDA, United States

-

Implemented; Date: 1 April 2018; Reference: Vol. 83, No. 77 p. 17556-17557
HSA, Singapore

-

Implemented; Date: 1 June 2015;
Health Canada, Canada

-

Implemented; Date: 10 June 2016; Reference: File # 16-106660-852
JFDA, Jordan

-

Not yet implemented;
MFDS, Republic of Korea

-

Implemented; Date: 5 September 2018; Reference: ICH Q7 Q&A [Guideline-0888-01]
MHLW/PMDA, Japan

-

Implemented; Date: 1 March 2016; Reference: PSEHB/CND Administrative Notice
MHRA, UK

-

Implemented; Date: 8 December 1995;
NAFDAC, Nigeria

-

Not yet implemented;
NMPA, China

-

Implemented; Date: 31 December 2015; Reference: Good Manufacturing Practice(2010 Revision, Order No.79 of the Ministry of Health) Notice on Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practice(2010 Revision), No. 101 of CFDA, 2011 annexs: computerized system validation and verification(published by CFDI )(2015)
SAHPRA, South Africa

-

Implemented; Date: 27 October 2025; Reference: SAHPGL-INSP-GMP-02
SFDA, Saudi Arabia

-

Implemented; Date: 26 July 2011;
Swissmedic, Switzerland

-

Implemented; Date: 23 July 2015; Reference: Swissmedic, Switzerland press release
TFDA, Chinese Taipei

-

Implemented; Date: 22 May 2013; Reference: 1.Regulation for Pharmaceutical Good Manufacturing Practice 2.Public Announcement for API of Biological Products should comply with GMP
TITCK, Türkiye

-

Not yet implemented;

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